OBJECTIVE To investigate the targeted surveillance of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) over two consecutive years in a three-A hospital, providing a scientific reference for formulating MDRO prevention and control strategies.

METHODS The data regarding 5 major types of MDROs from inpatients at the No. 920 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force from 2023 to 2024 were collected, and the incidence rate, detection rate, distribution characteristics and sources of MDRO infections were analyzed.

RESULTS From 2023 to 2024, there were 145 915 inpatient cases, with 1 605 MDRO infections, resulting in an infection incidence rate of 1.10%. The overall MDRO detection rate over the two years was 12.37%, with a detection rate of 11.74% in 2023 and 13.09% in 2024, showing a statistically significant difference between the two years (P=0.004). Among the MDRO, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) had the highest detection proportion (43.32%) from 2023 to 2024, followed by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB, 40.87%) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA, 15.39%). The top three departments with the highest MDRO detection volumes from 2023 to 2024 were neurosurgery (15.73%), geriatric intensive care unit (12.19%) and critical care medicine (11.56%). CRE, CRAB and CRPA were mainly isolated from sputum.

CONCLUSIONS Although the incidence rate of MDRO infections has slightly decreased, the resistance situation remains severe, with CRE being the priority MDRO for prevention and control. In the future, it is necessary to continue strengthening targeted surveillance efforts and enhancing supervision over the implementation of prevention and control measures in high-risk departments for MDRO detection to effectively control the spread of MDRO.