Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hospital-associated infections in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in the intensive care unit (ICU), providing a basis for clinical prevention and control.
METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the basic information of 84 ECMO patients admitted to the ICU of the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou from Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2024. The incidence, infection sites and pathogens of hospital-associated infections were analyzed. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for hospital-associated infections during ECMO support.
RESULTS Among the 84 patients receiving ECMO support, 28 developed hospital-associated infections. There were 44 infection cases. The respiratory system was the primary infection site (63.64%), followed by the urinary system (15.91%). Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens (82.76%), with Acinetobacter baumannii (36.21%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (32.76%) being the dominant species. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the veno-venous mode of ECMO and the use of a ventilator for more than 14 days were risk factors for hospital-associated infections in patients receiving ECMO (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving ECMO support have a high risk of hospital-associated infections. This study provides data support and theoretical basis for the prevention and control of hospital-associated infections. Clinically, it is necessary to combine epidemiology and clinical practice to reduce the incidence of hospital-associated infections and improve patient prognosis through early intervention strategies and dynamic infection monitoring, targeting risk factors.
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