Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the dynamic change trends of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and job burnout among medical staff after blood-borne occupational exposure, and to provide a basis for formulating staged psychological intervention strategies. METHODS A total of 264 medical staff who experienced blood-borne occupational exposure at Fuyang People's Hospital from Jan. 2023 to Dec. 2024 were selected as the study subjects. The PTSC Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) were used for longitudinal assessments at the time of exposure, one month after exposure and three months after exposure. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to statistically analyze the data. RESULTS Analysis of different demographic characteristics revealed that males, nurses, unmarried individuals, smokers and those who had not received occupational exposure knowledge training had higher depression scores (all P＜ 0.05). Smokers had higher PTSD scores (P＜ 0.05). Nurses scored higher on the emotional exhaustion than other occupations (P＜ 0.05), and alcohol drinkers scored lower on personal accomplishment than non-drinkers (P＜ 0.05). Scores for anxiety, depression, PTSD, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization at one month after exposure were higher than those at initial exposure and three months after exposure (all P＜ 0.05). The score for personal accomplishment at one month after exposure was lower than that at initial exposure and three months after exposure (P＜ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS One month after blood-borne occupational exposure is a critical period for psychological crisis and job burnout among medical staff. Early psychological interventions should be implemented during this stage for males, nurses, unmarried individuals, smokers, alcohol drinkers and those who have not received training.