Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the influencing factors for extended length of ICU stay of the patients with oral and maxillofacial space infections (OMSI) after they were transferred to ICU with general anesthesia, construct a prediction model and analyze the distribution of pathogens. METHODS A total of 113 patients with OMSI who were transferred to ICU for treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Jan. 2020 to Dec. 2024 were recruited as the research subjects. The related data were collected, the enrolled patients were divided into the non-extended group (less than 240 hours) and the extended group (no less than 240 hours) according to the length of ICU stay. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the association of clinical variables with the extension of ICU stay, the predictive nomogram was drawn, and the OMSI sites and distribution of pathogens were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the body temperature for the first time in ICU (OR=2.788,P=0.022), the IL-6 level for the first time in ICU (OR=1.004,P=0.017) and mediastinal infection (OR=7.296,P=0.001) were the risk factors for the extended length of ICU stay; pterygomandibular space infection (OR=0.269,P=0.019) had less predictive effect on the extension of ICU stay than other influencing factors. The ROC AUC of the nomogram constructed based on the 4 variables was 0.827(95%CI:0.748 to 0.911). The odontogenic infection was the leading cause of OMSI; the submandibular space infection was the major type of space infections. Totally 76 strains of pathogens were isolated, 67.11% of which were gram-positive bacteria. CONCLUSIONS The body temperature for the first time in ICU, IL-6 level for the first time in ICU, mediastinal infection and pterygomandibular space infection are the influencing factors for the extended length of ICU stay of the patients with OMSI. The nomogram constructed based on the above factors has favorable predictive value, and gram-positive bacteria are dominant among the patients, which may provide reference for early clinical intervention and etiological treatment.