Abstract: OBJECTIVE To construct a target value calculating model for antibiotics use density (AUD), scientifically set the target value for the whole hospital and each department and explore the control mechanism that effectively promotes the rational use of antimicrobial drugs with the help of PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act). METHODS The target value calculating model was constructed in combination with the key indicators of use of antibiotics among the patients who were hospitalized in Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Ningxia Medical University. The actual value and target value of 2022 and 2023 were used as the control group 1, and the target value and actual value that were obtained by calculating model in 2024 were set as th the experimental group 1. PDSA cycle management was introduced in Jul. 2024, and the actual value that was obtained by the end of Jun. 2025 was set as the experimental group 2, and the actual value from Jul. 2023 to Jun 2024 was used as the control group 2. The reliability of the model and the control effect were observed. RESULTS The annual AUD was 30.57 in 2024, representing a year-on-year decrease of 10.93%, with the difference in decline being statistically significant (P＜ 0.05), and there was correlation between the target value and the actual value SE=2.332,r=0.984 (P＜ 0.001). The actual value of AUD of each quarter were lower in the experimental group 2 than in the control group 2, and there were significant differences in the year-on-year actual value of AUD between the first and fourth quarter (P＜ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The AUD target value calculating model that is constructed in the study can assist in scientifically setting target values for the entire hospital and individual departments. It effectively enables the prospective and refined management of antimicrobial drugs, providing references for setting the target values of antimicrobial drugs in specialized maternal and child hospitals. When combined with PDSA cycle management, it can further strengthen a problem-oriented control model. However, setting the target values requires the consideration of factors such as the annual development needs of departments and the hospital, as well as the intensity of control measures. Additionally, proactively designing weightings and incorporate them into the target value calculating model can enhance the practical value of target management.