OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) infection in patients after abdominal surgery, and provide a reference for clinical prevention of postoperative abdominal infection with CRPA.

METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and drug susceptibility test results of patients who underwent abdominal surgery at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, from Jan. 2020 to Dec. 2023 and initially detected with P. aeruginosa and exhibited related infection symptoms. Based on their resistance to carbapenems, the patients were divided into CRPA and carbapenem-sensitive P. aeruginosa (CSPA) groups. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to achieve a 1∶1 pairing of cases between the two groups. Subsequently, a case-control approach was utilized to compare the relevant risk factors for CRPA infection in patients after abdominal surgery between the two groups, while establishing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

RESULTS With gender and age as matching variables, 93 pairs of cases were obtained through the PSM method. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of hospital stay duration, primary lesion, indwelling drainage tube, urinary catheter, central venous catheterization, use of carbapenems or Tazocin for anti-infection and admission to the intensive care unit (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis identified the indwelling urinary catheter, use of carbapenems and Tazocin as independent risk factors for CRPA infection after abdominal surgery (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.723.

CONCLUSION The indwelling urinary catheter, use of carbapenems and Tazocin are independent risk factors for abdominal CRPA infection after abdominal surgery.