Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the association of serum triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) and progranulin (PGRN) with catheter-associated infections in the patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). METHODS A total of 107 MHD patients who were treated in Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital from Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2024 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided into the infection group with 31 cases and the no infection group with 76 cases according to the status of catheter-associated infections. The patients of the infection group were divided into the severe group with 12 cases and the mild group with 19 cases according to the severity of infections. The levels of serum TREM1 and PGRN were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The values of serum TREM1 and PGRN in diagnosis of catheter-associated infections in the MHD patients were evaluated by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Totally 31 strains of pathogens were isolated from the MHD patients complicated with catheter-associated infections, 18 (58.06%) of which were gram-negative bacteria. The serum TREM1, PGRN, catheter indwelling time and procalcitonin (PCT) of the infection group were (310.29±64.82)ng/L, (74.22±11.68)ng/ml, (6.85±1.43)months and (1.70±0.44)μg/L, respectively, higher than those of the no infection group(P＜0.05). The serum TREM1 and PGRN of the severe group were (339.14±43.55)ng/L and (80.92±10.95)ng/ml, respectively, higher than those of the mild group(P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curves (AUCs) of serum TREM1, PGRN and their combination were respectively 0.775(95%CI:0.684 to 0.850), 0.738(95%CI:0.644 to 0.818) and 0.876(95%CI:0.799 to 0.932) in diagnosis of the catheter-associated infections. CONCLUSIONS The levels of serum TREM1 and PGRN are elevated in the MHD patients complicated with catheter-associated infections, and the joint detection of the two indicators has high value in diagnosis of the catheter-associated infections.