2014—2024年某三甲医院住院患者CRKP医院感染流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of health care-associated infections withCRKP in hospitalized patients of a three-A hospital from 2014 to 2024

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨住院患者耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)医院感染的流行病学特征,为感染防控提供依据。方法 回顾性收集2014年1月1日-2024年12月31日湖北医药学院附属太和医院267例发生CRKP医院感染住院患者临床资料,通过医院电子病历系统提取人口学特征、住院情况、科室分布、诊疗操作、感染部位、标本来源及药物敏感性等信息,采用描述性统计学方法进行分析。结果 CRKP医院感染住院患者中≥60岁占比达43.45%,治疗过程中接受侵入性操作较多,留置引流管、导尿管和中心静脉导管占比达76.03%、69.29%和57.30%; 感染主要来源于神经外科(48.69%)和心血管内科(12.36%); 感染部位以呼吸系统(74.91%)为主,标本主要来源为痰液(67.42%); 药敏结果显示,CRKP对头孢类药物的耐药率高于85%,对多黏菌素B和替加环素维持较低耐药性,耐药率分别为3.60%和27.27%。结论 CRKP感染多见于高龄、接受侵入性操作的患者,感染主要来源于神经外科, 以呼吸系统感染为主,CRKP菌株对临床常用头孢类及β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方制剂(BLBLIs)类抗菌药物呈现高度耐药。

     

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of health care-associated infections (HAIs) with CRKP in hospitalized patients so as to provide bases for prevention and control of HAIs. METHODS The clinical data were retrospectively collected from 267 patients with CRKP infections who were hospitalized in Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine from Jan. 1, 2014 to Dec. 31, 2024. The data including demographic characteristics, hospitalization stratus, distribution of departments, diagnosis and treatment procedures, infection sites, sources of specimens and result of antimicrobial susceptibility testing were extracted through electronic medical record (EMR) system, and the descriptive statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS Among the hospitalized patients with CRKP infections, the patients with no less than 60 years of age accounted for 43.45%, the proportions of the patients who received invasive procedures during the treatment process were high, the patients who received drainage tube indwelling, urinary catheterization and central venous catheterization accounted for 76.03%, 69.29% and 57.30%, respectively. Among the patients with infections, 48.69% came from neurosurgery department, and 12.36% came from cardiovascular medicine department; 74.91% had respiratory system infections. The sputum was the major specimen source, accounting for 67.42%. The result of antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rate of the CRKP strains to cephalosporins was more than 85%, while the drug resistance rates to polymyxin B and tigecycline were 3.60% and 27.27%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The CRKP infection is highly prevalent in the advanced age patients and the patients who receive invasive procedures. The patients with the infection mainly come from neurosurgery department, and the patients with respiratory system infections are dominant. The CRKP strains show high drug resistance rates to the commonly used antibiotics such as cephalosporins and β-lactams/β-lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs) compound preparations.

     

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