Abstract: OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection. METHODS The literatures relating to the research on risk factors for CRKP infection were retrieved from PubMed and Science databases by Oct. 2025. The qualities of the researches were evaluated by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, the pooled odd ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, the heterogeneities were assessed by I² statistics and the Q-test, and either fixed- or random-effects models were employed as appropriate. RESULTS A total of 17 studies involving 5303 patients were included. The CRKP infection was not associated with the previous hospital stay, APACHE Ⅱ score and diabetes mellitus. The significant risk factors included ICU stay, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, multiple invasive procedures and exposure to multiple antibiotics. The subgroup analysis showed that the mechanical ventilation and urinary catheterization were at higher risk of the infection in developing countries than in developed countries. CONCLUSIONS The ICU stay, specific complications, invasive procedures and extensive exposure to antibiotics are the major risk factors for the CRKP infection. It is crucial for the developing countries to strengthen the aseptic technique so as to reduce the risk.