Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of bloodstream infections in the patients with hematologic diseases based on diagnosis related groups (DRGs) and analyze the status of resource consumption so as to provide bases for refined management of health care-associated infections (HAIs). METHODS The clinical data were collected from the patients with hematologic diseases who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from Jan. 2023 to Dec. 2024. The incidence of bloodstream infections and distribution of pathogens in the DRGs groups were retrospectively analyzed， and the differences in the length of hospital stay and hospitalization costs were compared between the patients with HAIs and the patients without HAIs in the same group. RESULTS A total of 11 919 patients with hematologic diseases were enrolled in the study， of whom 164 had bloodstream infections， with the incidence rate 1.38%. The patients with HAIs mainly distributed in 7 DRGs groups; the number of infection cases was larger and the incidence of infections was higher in the AG19 group allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (with purification)， the AG29 group allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (without purification)， and the RB19 group (chemotherapy and/or other treatments for acute leukemia)， and the incidence of infections ranged between 3.75% and 8.11%. The groups varied in the distribution of pathogens and were dominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was the predominant multidrug-resistant organism. The average length of hospital stay， average hospitalization cost and different items of hospitalization costs increased in the RE11 group when the bloodstream infections occurred(P＜0.05)， however， there were no significant differences between the AG19 group and the RB19 group. In the AG19 group， the average length of hospital stay of the patients with infections was similar to that of the patients without infections， however， the average hospitalization cost was increased by 35，500 yuan(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION It is an effective way to take interventions to the hematologic disease patients with high prevalence of bloodstream infections and high economic burden based on DRGs so as to control the medical cost and raise the quality of medical service.