Abstract: The high risk factors， clinical manifestations， diagnosis and treatment of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection were explored so as to provide ideas for diagnosis and treatment of C. pseudotuberculosis infection. The medical data of 1 patient with C. pseudotuberculosis-induced lymphadenitis who was treated in Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University on Dec. 7， 2024 was retrospectively analyzed， the literatures regarding the C. pseudotuberculosis infection at home and abroad were searched， and totally 29 cases whose data met the criteria were included， a literature review was carried out. The patient had a close contact history with cats and sheep and presented lymphadenopathy on left axillary and left elbow， and the wound failed to heal after lymph node excision. The pus specimens were extracted for etiological culture through metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)， and a definite diagnosis was made with the combination with bacterial culture. The patient was improved with the symptom of infection and was discharged after treatment with linezolid combined with penicillin. The literature review indicated that most of the involved cases did not have underlying diseases but had the history of contact with ungulates， mainly manifesting as lymphadenopathy， the cases needed additional surgical excision on the bases of antimicrobial therapy， and most of the cases had long diagnosis process and treatment course. C. pseudotuberculosis infection is clinically rare and is usually acquired through contact with infected ungulates. mNGS facilitates the early diagnosis. It is necessary to choose appropriate antibiotics after surgical excision of lymph nodes and carry out full course of drug administration so as to improve the antimicrobial effect.