Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the etiological characteristics of fungal infections in the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and analyze the risk factors so as to provide guidance for clinical prevention and control. METHODS A total of 59 SLE patients who were complicated with fungal infections and were treated in immunology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force from Feb. 2021 to Feb. 2025 were retrospectively chosen as the infection group. Meanwhile， 146 patients with simple SLE were chosen as the no infection group. The infection sites and species of pathogens form the patients with infections were statistically analyzed. The clinical data were collected. Logistic regression model was employed to screen the risk factors for the fungal infections in the SLE patients. RESULTS The etiological analysis showed that the patients with oral fungal infections were dominant， accounting for 33.90%; Candida spp was the predominant pathogen， accounting for 37.31%. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the length of hospital stay(OR=5.368)， SDI index(OR=75.036)， SLEDAI score(OR=2.272) and history of long-term drug administration (OR=7.142) were the risk factors for the secondary fungal infection in the SLE patients (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS The length of hospital stay， SDI index， SLEDAI score and long-term use of drugs are the risk factors for the fungal infections in the SLE patients. It is necessary for the hospital to carry out the assessment of relevant factors and take targeted management strategies so as to reduce the incidence of fungal infections in the SLE patients.