Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a group of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae that are resistant to carbapenem antibiotics， and it has become a major challenge to the public health around the world. The studies that were conducted in recent years have indicated that nutrients and intestinal microbiota could modulate the growth， metabolism， and virulence expression of the CRE strains. In this article， the specific effects of various nutrients on CRE were reviewed， the inhibitory effect of the intestinal microbiota on the growth of CRE strains were explored， and the potential of emerging technologies in research on CRE research and clinical intervention were observed. Future studies should integrate artificial intelligence with multi-omics data analysis so as to provide novel insights for the precise prevention and treatment of CRE.