Abstract: OBJECTIVE To describe the initial CD₄⁺T lymphocyte counts of the newly reported cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in this area， observe the temporal trend， and preliminarily explore the influencing factors. METHODS By means of retrospective analysis， the HIV/AIDS cases that were reported in Yuecheng District， Shaoxing City， Zhejiang Province from Jan. 1， 2015 to Dec. 31 were collected from China Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control Information System. RESULTS The median of initial CD₄⁺T lymphocyte counts of the newly reported HIV infection cases in Yuecheng District showed a fluctuating downward trend overall from 2015 to 2025， regardless of whether they were classified as late presenters or non-late presenters. It reached to a trough in 2020 and experienced a brief rebound， but it continued to decline from 2022 the slopes (SE) of the overall population， late presenters， and non-late presenters were -20.446 (2.984)， -6.132 (1.673)， and -13.437 (3.018) cells/μl/year， respectively; all P＜0.001. A total of 621 cases of newly reported HIV infection were included in this study， with the initial CD₄⁺T lymphocyte counts 387.00 (253.00， 549.00) cells/μl. There was significant between-group difference in the CD₄⁺T lymphocyte level defined by the educational level， occupation category， marital status， sample source， route of infection， and commercial practice (P＜ 0.05). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the education level and age were the influencing factors for the CD₄⁺T lymphocyte level (P＜ 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed an inverse association between age and CD₄⁺ T lymphocyte level (college and above: r=-0.175， P= 0.053; senior high school or vocational school: r=-0.283， P= 0.007; junior high school: r= -0.181， P= 0.012; primary school or below: r=-0.062， P=0.368). CONCLUSION It is necessary to further strengthen the early identification in Yuecheng District and pay attention to the population with low educational level as well as the elderly patients during the prevention and control of AIDS so as to reduce the proportion of late presenters and boost the immunity of the infection patients.