Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among male patients of outpatient department in Xuzhou area and observe the distribution of subtypes. METHODS The exfoliated cells and secretion samples were collected from 2 665 male patients who visited the outpatient department of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from May 2022 to Apr. 2025. The HPV subtypes were detected by real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The incidence of infections and distribution of subtypes were observed. RESULTS Totally 1 319 of 2 665 male patients of outpatient department were tested positive for HPV, and the overall incidence of HPV infection was 49.49%. The top 5 predominant subtypes were successively as follows: HPV6(14.90%), HPV11(9.79%), HPV16(6.75%), HPV52(6.15%), HPV58(5.22%). The overall incidence of infection, incidence of multiple infections, incidence of low-risk subtypes infection, and incidence of mixed high-risk and low-risk subtypes infections presented a ‘U'-shaped distribution among the age groups. The incidence rates of HPV11 infection and HPV6 infection of the patients with no more than 19 years of age were 33.33% and 20.59%, respectively. The overall incidence of infections increased from 42.87% in May 2022 to Apr. 2023 to 54.24% in May 2024 to Apr. 2025. HPV6 and HPV11 maintained the top 2 predominant subtypes during the three time periods, and the incidence rates of the high-risk subtypes of HPV such as HPV52 and HPV66 exhibited remarkable increase. The overall incidence of infections (66.57%), incidence of HPV6 infection (32.57%) and incidence of HPV11 infection (21.05%) of the condyloma acuminata group were higher than those of other diagnosis groups. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of HPV infection is high among the male patients of outpatient department in Xuzhou area and shows an upward trend. Notably, the adolescents and elderly males exhibit high incidence of HPV infections, and the condyloma acuminata group exhibits the highest incidence of infections among the diagnosis groups, predominated by single low-risk subtypes of infections. It is recommended to integrate the age with clinical symptoms to formulate targeted prevention and control strategies so as to curb the growing trend.