Abstract: The hospital construction and renovation represent a significant source of life-threatening healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) such as invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. The article systematically reviews the pathogenesis of health care-associated infections (HAIs) during hospital renovation, including airborne transmission, waterborne transmission, and construction material-related risks. It traces the evolution of international risk assessment frameworks for infection control, including the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Guidelines, the American Society for Health Care Engineering (ASHE) Infection Control Risk Assessment (ICRA) 2.0 tool and the updated Part D of the Australian Health Facility Guidelines. Furthermore,it synthesizes whole-process prevention strategies and multidisciplinary collaborative management modes. Drawing on the latest international guidelines such as the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) ICU Design Guidelines, legislative progress of New York State's Safer Health Care Facility Construction Act, and the Canadian CSA Z317.12∶25 standard from 2024 to 2026 and integrating recent domestic and international practical experience, this study proposes a collaborative governance mechanism involving the hospital infection management department, infrastructure departments and clinical departments, which focuses on the dynamic monitoring and personnel training system during the whole process of construction so as to provide scientific bases and references for infection prevention and control practices during the time period of hospital renovation.