Abstract: To standardize the prevention and control of surgical site infections, reduce the incidence and ensure patients, surgical safety and the quality of medical care, the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China had officially issued the "Standard for prevention and control of surgical site infection" （WS/T 861-2025）. This standard systematically integrated domestic and international evidence-based practices and clarifies key aspects and basic requirements for the prevention and control of surgical site infections. This review provides a systematic interpretation of the standard from the perspectives of its development background and core content, mainly clarifies key technical indicators and their rationale and analyzies its guiding significance for clinical practice. It aims to assist medical staff in accurately understanding the standard's implications, thereby promoting the effective implementation of the standard across medical institutions at all levels.