Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and new cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in elderly patients with hypertension, in order to find incentives for new cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in elderly patients with hypertension. METHODS A total of 2534 cases of elderly patients with hypertension in department of internal medicine and department of gastroenterology from Jan. 2011 to Jan. 2012 were selected, and all patients were diagnosed as Hp infection. The patients were divided into observation group and control group using random single blind method, with 1267 cases in each group. The patients in control group were given conventional antihypertensive therapy, and observation group were given anti-Hp treatment on the basis of control group. After 1 week of treatment, the Hp positive patients were excluded. The clinical indexes of the two groups were compared. RESULTS After 1 years of treatment and follow-up, blood indexes of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) of observation group were lower than those before treatment and those of control group (P<0.05). During 1 year of follow-up, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in observation group was 3.17%, which was lower than 8.37% of control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Hp infection has the promotional role for new cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in elderly patients with hypertension. It can increase the levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, promote the process of atherosclerosis, and increase the occurrence of new cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.