Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the colonization rate of Staphylococcus aureus（SA） in acute and chronic skin lesions of atopic dermatitis（AD） patients, to explore the effects of age, immunoglobulin E（IgE）, and eosinophil count on Staphylococcus aureus colonization. METHODS A total of 487 AD patients（270 children, 217 adults; 95 acute skin lesions and 392 chronic skin lesions） who were admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Nov. 2011 to Jul. 2020 were selected as the study group, and 171 patients（70 children, 101 adults）without any skin lesions during the same period were selected as the control group.Staphylococcus aureus was collected from skin lesions, serum IgE was detected by Immuno-CAPTM fluorescence enzyme-linked assay, and blood eosinophils were counted by XE-2100 laser flow cytometer. RESULTS The colonization rates of SA in acute skin lesions, chronic skin lesions and normal control skin were 78.95%, 39.03% and 8.19%, respectively.Moreover, the colonization rate of SA in the skin lesions increased with age.Compared with patients in the normal IgE/eosinophil group, patients in the high IgE/eosinophilia groups had higher rates of S.aureus colonization of chronic skin lesions. CONCLUSION The rate of SA colonization in acute lesions in AD patients was high and tended to increase with age.Since the colonization rates of SA were only higher in the high IgE/eosinophilia patients with chronic skin lesions, it might be possible to use these two parameters as predictive markers for SA colonization in chronic skin lesions in AD patients.