Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for bloodborne occupational exposures among health care workers so as to provide guidance for development of regulations and prevention measures. METHODS From Jan 2014 to Dec 2015, a total of 31 health care workers with bloodborne occupational exposures were enrolled in the study, the basic information data was collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS The nurses and intern nurses were the major high-risk population with occupation exposure, accounting for 74.2%; the health care workers who were less than 30 years old accounted for 80.6%, the health care workers whose working experience was less than 1 year accounted for 35.5%, the health care workers whose working experience was no more than 5 years accounted for 74.2%.The clinical examination and treatment sites were the major exposure sites, accounting for 64.5%, the internal medicine department wards were dominant.Hepatitis B was the predominant exposure source, accounting for 83.9%, and the needle-stick injury was the major exposure type.The capping back the needle cap after injection, withdrawing the needle after infusion, separating the syringe needle and withdrawing the needle after blood collection were the high-risk links, accounting for 67.7%. CONCLUSION The establishment of the occupational exposure protection system is an important mean to reduce the risk of occupational exposure and standardize the management.It is an effective way to strengthen occupational safety education for key populations and departments, use safe and effective protective care products, standardize the operation specifications for injection, transfusion and withdrawal of needles and formulate feasible emergency measures and protective strategies so as to prevent the occupational exposures and ensure the occupational safety of the health care workers.