适用于新冠医疗的一款快速可移动隔离病房建造及其性能

Construction and performance of a rapid movable isolation ward for Corona virus disease 2019 medical care

  • 摘要: 目的 为了应对突如其来的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情,一款新型的快速可移动隔离病房面世,本研究对该款隔离病房的性能进行现场检测与数据分析。方法 参照GB 50333标准,对隔离病房的空气过滤效率、换气次数以及静压差等进行现场检测。结果 按照使用指南(IFU)步骤,1人仅5 min即可完成隔离病房的搭建工作。组装后的隔离病房内部约6 m2,采用塑料围挡,两侧为全封闭,患者病床头、脚侧留有进风裂隙。高效过滤器(HEPA)启动后,隔离病房内0.5μm和5.0μm两类重要的颗粒呈下降趋势,其中0.5μm粒径的颗粒数量,较HEPA开启前减少了30.39%,(P<0.001);而5.0μm粒子减少更为明显,较HEPA开启前减少67.50%(P=0.001)。隔离病房进风量达到200 m3/h,换气次数15次/h。隔离病房内相对于室外呈微负压(-0.5 Pa)。HEPA开启时噪声为54.5 dB。该隔离病房人员进出采用非手触摸式的自动开闭门系统,以避免手接触门帘造成表面污染。结论 该款隔离病房具有良好的空气过滤效果。适用于医疗机构大开间病房中呼吸道传染病或耐药菌感染患者的应急隔离,实现有效的床边隔离措施。

     

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE In response to the unexpected outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19), a new type of rapid movable isolation ward was developed. In this study, the performance of the isolation ward was tested in site inspection and data were analyzed. METHODS According to GB 50333 standard, the air filtration efficiency, ventilation frequency and static pressure difference of isolation room were detected. RESULTS According to the instruction of IFU, one person can complete the construction of isolation ward in 5 minutes, with the internal area of 6 m~2 or so. The plastic enclosure is used in the ward; both sides are completely closed, and there are air inlet cracks at the head and foot of the patient’s bed. After HEPA was activated, 0.5 μm and 5.0 μm particles in isolation ward showed a downward trend. The number of 0.5 μm particles decreased by 30.39% compared with before the opening of HEPA(P<0.001). The decrease of 5.0 μm particles was more obvious, 67.50% less than before HEPA opening(P=0.001). The air intake volume of isolation ward was 200 m~3/h, and the ventilation rate was 15 times/h. There was a slight negative pressure(-0.5 Pa) in the isolation ward compared with that outside. When HEPA was running, the noise was 54.5 dB. In order to avoid the surface contaminated by hand touching, the non-hand touching automatic door system was used for entry and exit. CONCLUSION This rapid movable isolation ward has good air filtering efficiency. It can be applied for the emergency isolation of patients with respiratory tract infectious diseases or drug-resistant bacteria infection in large wards of medical institutions, so as to implement effective bedside isolation measures.

     

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