Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the etiological characteristics and risk factors for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) infections in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. METHODS A total of 106 severe craniocerebral injury patients with MDROs infections who were treated in rehabilitation center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University from Jul 2017 to Aug 2021 were assigned as the study group, the clinical data were collected from the patients, meanwhile, 141 severe craniocerebral injury patients who did not have MDROs infections were chosen as the control group. The results of bacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing were retrospectively analyzed, and the treatment outcomes were recorded. RESULTS Totally 171 strains of pathogens were isolated from 106 patients of the study group, 70.76% of which were gram-negative bacteria. The result of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii strains to cefazolin, ampicillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime sodium and cefmetazole were more than 85%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that mechanical ventilation duration, endotracheal tube indwelling time and time of use of antibiotics were the risk factors for MDROs infections in the patients with severe craniocerebral injury(P＜0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors, CD₃⁺, CD₈⁺ and CD₁₉⁺ of the study group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05). The cure rate of the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the mortality rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). CONLCLUSIONS The severe craniocerebral injury patients with MDROs infections show severe inflammatory reactions, decline of immune function and low cure rate. It is necessary to take interventions to the mechanical ventilation duration, endotracheal tube indwelling time and time of use of antibiotics so as to improve the treatment outcomes.