Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigation related factors of surgical site infections after esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis of esophageal cancer patients, and establish infection prediction model, so as to provide evidence for prevention and control of infections. METHODS A total of 711 esophageal cancer patients who had undergone esophagectomies with cervical anastomosis from Jan.2010 to May 2015 were selected. The clinical data of patients were collected and the infection factors were analyzed. RESULTS Among the 711 patients, 146(20.53%) had developed surgical site infections (SSI). Logistic regression analysis showed that anastomotic leakage, antimicrobial prophylaxis in 0.5~2 h before surgery,postoperative hypoalbuminemia＜30 g/L and hypoprealbuminemia＜20 g/L at 0~3 d after surgery were independent risk factors for SSI (P＜0.05). A prediction model containing these variables was developed and had a good predictive value(AUC=0.8993). CONCLUSION The independent risk factors for SSI after esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis of esophageal cancer patients are screened, and a prediction model is established, which can provide basis and method for precise control of SSI.