OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors and pathogen characteristics of pulmonary infection in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), and to construct a prediction model to further analyze its predictive value in pulmonary infection in patients with CRF on MHD.

METHODS From Jan 2020 to Dec 2022, the clinical data of 368 patients with CRF on MHD in Qingdao Haici Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University were retrospectively collected and divided into the infected group (112 cases) and non-infected group (256 cases) according to whether they had pulmonary infection. The risk factors for pulmonary infection in MHD patients with CRF was analyzed, and a related prediction model was built to, analyze its predictive value in pulmonary infection in MHD patients with CRF. The characteristics of pathogenic bacteria of pulmonary infection in MHD patients with CRF was described.

RESULTS The incidence of pulmonary infection in MHD patients with CRF was 30.43%. Age, diabetes, heart failure, anemia, indwelling venous catheter, MHD time, low serum albumin and hemoglobin levels were all risk factors for pulmonary infection in MHD patients with CRF (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.895, with the sensitivity of 81.25% and specificity of 85.94% for predicting lung infection in patients with CRF MHD. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 59.24% in patients with CRF MHD pulmonary infection and gram-positive bacteria accounted for 34.39%. Fungi accounted for 6.37%.

CONCLUSION The incidence of pulmonary infection in patients with CRF MHD is higher, and the prediction model of risk factors has good predictive value.