Etiological characteristics and related factors for nosocomial infections in critically ill patients of emergency department

OBJECTIVE To explore the etiological characteristics and related factors for nosocomial infections in critically ill patients of emergencey department.METHODS A total of 274 critically ill patients who were treated in emergency department from Apr 2016 to Apr 2017 were enrolled in the study, and the etiological characteristics and related factors for the nosocomial infections were observed.RESULTS Of the 274 critically ill patients of emergency department, 111 had nosocomial infections, with the infection rate 40.51%. Totally 188 strains of pathogens were isolated from blood specimens, and Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the predominant species of pathogens, accounting for 17.02% and 19.15%, respectively. The S.aureus strains were highly susceptible to vancomycin and levofloxacin but were highly resistant to cefazolin and cefotaxime; the P.aeruginosa strains were highly susceptible to teicoplanin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and levofloxacin but were highly resistant to ceftriaxone and erythromycin. The influencing factors for the nosocomial infection in the critically ill patients included tracheotomy, age, gastric intubation, mechanical ventilation, deep venous catheter indwelling, postoperative antibiotics phylaxis, bedridden time and diabetes mellitus (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION It is necessary to understand the common species of pathogens causing the nosocomial infections in the critically ill patients of emergency department and make clear of the related factors for the nosocomial infection so as to provide guidance for treatment and take targeted, effective prevention measures.