Analysis of distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in wound infection of 249 burn patients

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from the wound of burn patients, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of burn infection and rational use of antibacterial drugs. METHODS Retrospective analysis of the distribution of pathogenic bacteria isolated from submitted wound samples from 249 hospitalized patients with thermal burns admitted to a grade A tertiary hospital from Jan 2018 to Dec 2020 was performed. Automatic bacterial identification instrument was used for etiological identification, and K-B disk diffusion method was used to detect the drug-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae to commonly used antibacterial drugs. RESULTS From Jan 2018 to Dec 2020, 249 patients with thermal burn wound infection were enrolled, and 527 strains of pathogens were detected. Gram-negative bacteria（273 strains, 51.80%） was the main strain, followed by Gram-positive bacteria（242 strains, 45.92%） and fungi（12 strains, 2.28%）. The top four bacteria in composition ratio were S. aureus（33.59%）, A. baumannii（16.32%）, P. aeruginosa（11.76%）, and K. pneumoniae（7.78%）. S. aureus was resistant to a variety of antibacterial drugs but only sensitive to linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin and tigecycline. The drug-resistance rates of A.baumannii to all antibiotics except tigecycline were high. K. pneumoniae showed a multi-drug resistance trend and was relatively sensitive to tetracycline and tigecycline. CONCLUSION S. aureus, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa rank in the top 3 pathogens of wound infection in thermal burn patients from 2018 to 2020; S. aureus, A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae are highly resistant, clinicians should be carefully use antimicrobial drugs.