Association of p53 and COX-2 gene polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancer patients

OBJECTIVE To explore the association of p53 tumor suppressor gene (p53) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in gastric cancer patients. METHODS Totally 82 patients with gastric cancer who were treated in Hai'an People's Hospital from Jun 2019 to Jun 2021 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided into the simple gastric cancer group with 23 cases and the gastric cancer with Hp infection group with 59 cases according to the status of Hp infection. The baseline data were compared between the two groups of patients. The polymorphisms at rs1625895(A/G), rs1042522(C/G) of p53 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci and rs3218625(A/G), rs689466(A/G) of COX-2 gene SNPs loci were detected. The relationship between the p53, COX-2 gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to Hp infection was observed, and the binary logistic regression analysis was performed for the relationship between the genotypes of p53, COX-2 gene and the risk of Hp infection in the gastric cancer patients. RESULTS There were significant differences in the TNM stage, depth of infiltration, degree of differentiation, serum p53 level and COX-2 level between the two groups(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles at rs1625895 locus of p53 gene between the simple gastric cancer group and the gastric cancer with Hp infection group; there were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles at rs1042522 locus(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles at rs3218625 locus of COX-2 gene; there were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles at rs689466 locus(P<0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that the p53(rs1042522)CC genotype and COX-2(rs689466)AA genotype were the risk factors for Hp infection in the gastric cancer patients(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The rs1042522 locus of p53 gene and rs689466 locus of COX-2 gene may be associated with the susceptibility to Hp infection in gastric cancer patients, and the C allele at rs1042522 locus and A allele at rs689466 locus are the pathogenic genes.