Etiological characteristics and risk factors for infectious pneumonia in asphyxia neonates

OBJECTIVE To analyze the etiological characteristics and risk factors for infectious pneumonia in asphyxia neonates. METHODS A total of 249 asphyxia neonates who were treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from Jan 2019 to Feb 2020 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided into the infection group with 51 cases and the no infection group with 198 cases according to the status of infectious pneumonia. The current status of prevalence of infectious pneumonia and distribution of pathogens were statistically analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and univariate analysis were performed for the risk factors for infectious pneumoniae in the asphyxia neonates. RESULTS The incidence of infectious pneumonia was 20.48% among the 249 asphyxia neonates. Totally 63 strains of pathogens were isolated, 58.73% of which were gram-negative bacteria, 38.10% were gram-positive bacteria, and 3.17% were fungi; Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were dominant among the gram-negative bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant species of the gram-positive bacteria. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, birth body weight, Apgar score, amniotic fluid contamination and endotracheal intubation were the risk factors for the infectious pneumonia in the asphyxia neonates(P<0.05). CONCLUSION E.coli, K.pneumoniae and S.aureus are the predominant species of pathogens causing the infectious pneumonia in the asphyxia neonates. The risk factors include the gestational age less than 32 weeks, birth body weight less than 1.5kg, Apgar score between 0 and 3 points, amniotic fluid contamination and endotracheal intubation.