Effect of semiconductor laser on treatment of mild-to-moderate periimplantitis

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of semiconductor laser on treatment of mild-to-moderate periimplantitis and the influence on subgingival pathogenic microorganisms and expressions of interleukin (IL)-23, IL-35, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF). METHODS A total of 82 patients with periimplantitis who were treated in Hengshui People's Hospital from Jun 2019 to Aug 2021 were recruited as the research subjects and were randomly divided into the study group and the control group, with 41 cases in each group. The study group was treated with semiconductor laser combined with periodontal primary therapy, while the control group was given periodontal primary therapy. The peri-implant clinical indexesplaque index (PLI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD), defect depth (DD) were recorded before the treatment and after the treatment for 3 months; the changes of positive rates of subgingival microorganisms and levels of IL-23, IL-35, TNF-α and b-FGF were observed. RESULTS The total effective rate of the study group was 95.12% after the treatment for 3 months, higher than 80.49% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the peri-implant clinical indexes, subgingival microorganisms, IL-23, IL-35, TNF-α and b-FGF between the study group and the control group before the treatment. The peri-implant clinical indexes of the study group were improved more significantly than those of the control group after the treatment for 3 months (P<0.05); the levels of gingival crevicular fluid IL-23, IL-35 and TNF-α of the study group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), the b-FGF of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The positive rates of Actinobacillus, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides forsythus of the study group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The semiconductor laser can achieve exact clinical effect on treatment of periimplantitis, improve the peri-implant clinical indexes, reduce the positive rates of subgingival microorganisms, and regulate the levels of gingival crevicular fluid inflammatory factors.