OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the main pathogenic microorganisms of foodborne diseases in a hospital of Shaanxi Province from 2021 to 2023.
METHOD Surveillance information of all foodborne disease cases in a hospital of Shaanxi Province from Jan. 2021 to Dec. 2023 was collected, descriptive analyses of the epidemiological characteristics of the main pathogenic microorganisms were performed.
RESULTS Of the 1 290 specimens, 134 microorganisms were detected with a detection rate of 10.39%. Totally 25 strains were detected in 2021 with a detection rate of 6.05%, 44 strains were detected in 2022 with a detection rate of 9.80%, 65 strains were detected in 2023 with a detection rate of 15.19%, where was an increasing trend year by year (P < 0.05). Salmonella had the highest detection rate of 4.19%, followed by Norovirus with a detection rate of 2.48%. Among the 134 cases, children accounted for the highest proportion (31.34%), followed by students (23.13%), farmers (14.18%), and catering service personnel (9.70%). According to the analysis of the distribution of eating places, the highest proportion of cases occurred in households (43.28%), followed by restaurants (20.90%), street (15.67%) and construction site canteens (7.46%). According to the analysis of the types of exposed food, the main cases were meat and its products (30.60%), followed by aquatic animals (19.40%), eggs (17.91%), vegetables and their products (11.94%).
CONCLUSIONS The microbiological detection rates of foodborne diseases are on the rise year by year, Salmonella and Norovirus as the main pathogens. The children accounted for a relatively high proportion of the cases, which are mainly distributed in households, restaurants and other places. The main types of exposed food are meat and its products. Health promotion is recommended to strengthen and effective measures should be taken for safe managment of food, so as to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases.
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