OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the disease severity and density of Malassezia in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PSO), and levels of substance P (SP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and NLR family containing pyrin domain protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the PSO lesion tissue.
METHODS Patients with PSO who admitted at Ji ′an Central People′s Hospital from Aug. 2021 to Aug. 2023 were selected and divided into 120 cases of the infected group and 130 cases of the uninfected group according to their Malassezia infection status. The clinical data, serum SP, TNF-α and NLRP3 inflammasome levels in lesions of two groups, as well as the density of Malassezia, serum SP, TNF-α and NLRP3 inflammasome levels in different severities of PSO were compared.
RESULTS The proportion of severe patients ess in the infected group was 42.50%, higher than that of 32.31% in the uninfected group, and the psoriasis skin lesion area and severity index (PASI) was (16.65±3.65) points, higher than that in the uninfected group (P < 0.001). The proportion of severe patients with Malassezia density of "+++" was 66.67%, higher than 40.91% and 16.00% of the moderate and the mild patients, and the proportion of the moderate patients was higher than that of the mild patients (P < 0.05). The serum SP, TNF-α and NLRP3 inflammasomes expression levels in skin lesions in the infected group were (94.76±15.54) ng/ml, (38.76±6.54) pg/ml and (1.87±0.99), higher than those in the uninfected group (P < 0.05). Compared with the moderate and mild patients, serum SP and TNF-α, NLRP3 inflammasomes expression levels in skin lesions in severe patients were higher, and in moderate patients were higher than those in mild patients (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Malassezia infection might aggravate the disease of patients with PSO, and its density is closely related to the severity of the disease, and the SP, TNF-α, NLRP3 inflammatory bodies might be closely related to the occurrence and development of PSO.
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