Progress of research on mechanisms and clinical applications of novel antibacterial materials in treating infectious bone defect

Infectious bone defect, one of the complex and refractory types of bone defects, is characterized by infection, inflammation and subsequent bone tissue destruction. These conditions often lead to severe consequences such as limb necrosis, dysfunction or even amputation. The previous treatment method for infectious bone defect primarily involves thorough debridement and bone grafting after infection control with antibacterial drugs. However, this method carries drawbacks, including the possibility of drug resistance and systemic toxicity due to high-dose use of antimicrobial drugs. With advancements in modern medicine and in-depth research on biomaterials, various novel antibacterial materials have been increasingly applied in the treatment of infectious bone defect, demonstrating promising outcomes. This paper reviews the applications and therapeutic efficacy of novel antibacterial materials in treating infectious bone defect at home and abroad, aiming to provide references for clinical management.