Epidemiological characteristics and drug susceptibility of urogenital Mycoplasma infections in a hospital from 2020 to 2024

OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of urogenital tract Mycoplasma infections and observe the features of drug susceptibility. METHODS The data regarding the culture of urogenital tract Mycoplasma and drug susceptibility testing were collected from 22 716 patients who were treated in Guangdong Province People's Hospital from Jan. 2020 to Dec. 2024 and were retrospectively analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS Among the 22 716 patients, 6 723 were tested positive for Mycoplasma, with the total positive rate 29.60%; the positive rate of Mycoplasma showed a downward trend in 2020-204(χ²=41.869,P＜0.001). The proportion of the female patients with infections (6 055 cases,90.06%) was higher that of the male patients (668 cases,9.94%)(χ²=557.422,P＜0.001); the infections were highly prevalent among the patients aged between 30 and 40 years old. The single Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) infection was the predominant type of infection, followed by the mixed infections; the proportion of the patients with single Mycoplasma hominis (Mh) infection was lowest. The result of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rates to 10 types of antibiotics were higher in the Uu plus Mh mixed infections group than in the Uu group (P＜0.001); the drug resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, sparfloxacin, doxycycline and josamycin were higher in the Uu plus Mh mixed infections group than in the Mh group(P＜0.05); the drug resistance rates of levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, erythromycin, azithromycin, clindamycin and roxithromycin were higher in the Mh group than in the Uu group(P＜0.001). CONCLUSIONS The proportion of the female with Mycoplasma infections is higher than that of the male; the infections are highly prevalent among the patients aged between 30 and 40 years old. Uu is highly sensitive to a variety of antibiotics, the Mh is less sensitive to most of the antibiotics. The drug resistance rate of the mixed Uu and Mh infections is generally higher than that of the single infection.